class HtmlElement:

indent_size = 2

def __init__(self, name="", text=""):

self.name = name

self.text = text

self.elements = []

def __str(self, indent):

lines = []

i = " " * (indent * self.indent_size)

lines.append(f"{i}<{self.name}>")

if self.text:

i1 = " " * ((indent + 1) * self.indent_size)

lines.append(f"{i1}{self.text}")

for e in self.elements:

lines.append(e.__str(indent + 1))

lines.append(f"{i}</{self.name}>")

return "\n".join(lines)

def __str__(self):

return self.__str(0)

@staticmethod

def create(name):

return HtmlBuilder(name)

class HtmlBuilder:

__root = HtmlElement()

def __init__(self, root_name):

self.root_name = root_name

self.__root.name = root_name

# not fluent

def add_child(self, child_name, child_text):

self.__root.elements.append(HtmlElement(child_name, child_text))

# fluent

def add_child_fluent(self, child_name, child_text):

self.__root.elements.append(HtmlElement(child_name, child_text))

return self

def clear(self):

self.__root = HtmlElement(name=self.root_name)

def __str__(self):

return str(self.__root)

# if you want to build a simple HTML paragraph using a list

hello = "hello"

parts = ["<p>", hello, "</p>"]

print("".join(parts))

# now I want an HTML list with 2 words in it

words = ["hello", "world"]

parts = ["<ul>"]

for w in words:

parts.append(f" <li>{w}</li>")

parts.append("</ul>")

print("\n".join(parts))

# ordinary non-fluent builder

# builder = HtmlBuilder('ul')

builder = HtmlElement.create("ul")

builder.add_child("li", "hello")

builder.add_child("li", "world")

print("Ordinary builder:")

print(builder)

# fluent builder

builder.clear()

builder.add_child_fluent("li", "hello").add_child_fluent("li", "world")

print("Fluent builder:")

print(builder)