cloudflare · 43081j · Jul 31, 2026 · Jul 31, 2026
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"wrangler": patch
+---
+
+Replace `execa` with `tinyexec` for running subprocesses, shrinking the bundled Wrangler output.
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 		"endgroup",
 		"esbuild",
 		"eslintcache",
-		"execa",
 		"fedramp",
 		"filestat",
 		"haikunate",
@@ -46,6 +45,7 @@
 		"selfsigned",
 		"subrequests",
 		"textfile",
+		"tinyexec",
 		"tsbuildinfo",
 		"turborepo",
 		"undici",

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@
 		"dns2": "^2.1.0",
 		"dotenv": "catalog:default",
 		"esbuild": "catalog:default",
-		"execa": "^7.1.1",
 		"exit-hook": "2.2.1",
 		"get-port": "^7.1.0",
 		"haikunator": "^2.1.2",

@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@
 		"dotenv-expand": "^12.0.2",
 		"empathic": "^2.0.0",
 		"esprima": "4.0.1",
-		"execa": "^6.1.0",
 		"get-port": "^7.0.0",
 		"glob-to-regexp": "^0.4.1",
 		"https-proxy-agent": "7.0.2",
@@ -173,6 +172,7 @@
 		"smol-toml": "catalog:default",
 		"supports-color": "^9.2.2",
 		"timeago.js": "4.0.2",
+		"tinyexec": "^1.2.4",
 		"tree-kill": "catalog:default",
 		"ts-dedent": "^2.2.0",
 		"ts-json-schema-generator": "^1.5.0",

@@ -31,6 +31,18 @@ describe("Custom Builds", () => {
 		}
 	});
 
+	// POSIX-only: `kill` is not a `cmd.exe` command, and Windows has no real
+	// signals anyway — a terminated process there reports a non-zero exit code,
+	// which `throwOnError` already covers.
+	it.skipIf(process.platform === "win32")(
+		"runCustomBuild throws UserError when a command is terminated by a signal",
+		async ({ expect }) => {
+			await expect(
+				runCustomBuild("/", "/", { command: "kill -TERM $$" }, undefined)
+			).rejects.toThrow(UserError);
+		}
+	);
+
 	it("runCommand aborts the custom build command", async ({ expect }) => {
 		const aborter = new AbortController();
 		const commandPromise = runCommand(

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import * as fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { runInTempDir } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils/test-helpers";
-import { execa } from "execa";
 import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
 import * as TOML from "smol-toml";
+import { NonZeroExitError, x } from "tinyexec";
 import dedent from "ts-dedent";
 import { parseConfigFileTextToJson } from "typescript";
 import { FormData } from "undici";
@@ -76,19 +76,27 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				}
 			`);
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith("mockpm", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
-				stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith("mockpm", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
+				nodeOptions: {
+					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+				},
+				throwOnError: true,
+				nodePath: false,
 			});
 		});
 
 		it("if `-y` is used, delegate to c3 with --wrangler-defaults", async () => {
 			await runWrangler("init -y");
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				["create", "cloudflare", "--wrangler-defaults"],
 				{
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
+					throwOnError: true,
+					nodePath: false,
 				}
 			);
 		});
@@ -104,9 +112,9 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				(getPackageManager as Mock).mockResolvedValue(mockPackageManager);
 
 				// Update the mock to handle "yarn" for these tests
-				(execa as Mock).mockImplementation((command: string) => {
+				(x as Mock).mockImplementation((command: string) => {
 					if (command === "yarn" || command === "mockpm") {
-						return Promise.resolve();
+						return Promise.resolve({ stdout: "", stderr: "", exitCode: 0 });
 					}
 					return Promise.reject(new Error(`Unexpected command: ${command}`));
 				});
@@ -116,15 +124,19 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				await runWrangler("init");
 
 				// No version specifier needed since C3 has auto-update behavior
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith("yarn", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith("yarn", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
+					throwOnError: true,
+					nodePath: false,
 				});
 			});
 
 			test("uses C3 command without version specifier when using --from-dash with yarn", async () => {
 				await runWrangler("init --from-dash my-worker");
 
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 					"yarn",
 					[
 						"create",
@@ -134,7 +146,11 @@ describe("init", () => {
 						"my-worker",
 					],
 					{
-						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						nodeOptions: {
+							stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						},
+						throwOnError: true,
+						nodePath: false,
 					}
 				);
 			});
@@ -171,23 +187,27 @@ describe("init", () => {
 					}
 				`);
 
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-					"mockpm",
-					["run", "create-cloudflare"],
-					{
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith("mockpm", ["run", "create-cloudflare"], {
+					nodeOptions: {
 						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
-					}
-				);
+					},
+					throwOnError: true,
+					nodePath: false,
+				});
 			});
 
 			it("if `-y` is used, delegate to c3 with --wrangler-defaults", async () => {
 				await runWrangler("init -y");
 
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 					"mockpm",
 					["run", "create-cloudflare", "--wrangler-defaults"],
 					{
-						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						nodeOptions: {
+							stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						},
+						throwOnError: true,
+						nodePath: false,
 					}
 				);
 			});
@@ -202,11 +222,49 @@ describe("init", () => {
 			});
 			await runWrangler("init");
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith("mockpm", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
-				env: {
-					CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1",
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith("mockpm", ["create", "cloudflare"], {
+				nodeOptions: {
+					env: {
+						CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1",
+					},
+					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
 				},
-				stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+				throwOnError: true,
+				nodePath: false,
+			});
+		});
+
+		describe("when C3 fails", () => {
+			it("reports a stable message that names the command and carries the output on the cause", async ({
+				expect,
+			}) => {
+				const output = { stdout: "some stdout", stderr: "some stderr" };
+				const cause = new NonZeroExitError(
+					{ pid: 1234, killed: false, exitCode: 2 },
+					{ ...output, exitCode: 2 }
+				);
+				(x as Mock).mockRejectedValueOnce(cause);
+
+				await expect(runWrangler("init")).rejects.toThrow(
+					expect.objectContaining({
+						// The message must not embed the command output, otherwise every
+						// C3 failure becomes a distinct Sentry issue.
+						message: "`mockpm create cloudflare` failed with exit code 2",
+						cause,
+					})
+				);
+			});
+
+			it("reports a process terminated by a signal as a failure", async ({
+				expect,
+			}) => {
+				// `throwOnError` does not fire for signal termination: tinyexec resolves
+				// with no exit code at all.
+				(x as Mock).mockResolvedValueOnce({ stdout: "", stderr: "" });
+
+				await expect(runWrangler("init")).rejects.toThrow(
+					"`mockpm create cloudflare` was terminated by a signal"
+				);
 			});
 		});
 	});
@@ -848,8 +906,8 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				}
 			`);
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				[
 					"create",
@@ -859,7 +917,11 @@ describe("init", () => {
 					"existing-memory-crystal",
 				],
 				{
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
+					throwOnError: true,
+					nodePath: false,
 				}
 			);
 		});

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ import {
 	writeWranglerConfig,
 } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils/test-helpers";
 import ci from "ci-info";
-import { execa } from "execa";
 import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
 import TOML from "smol-toml";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import dedent from "ts-dedent";
 /* eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports --
  * Uses expect in MSW handlers outside test callbacks
@@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ describe("pages deploy", () => {
 	}) => {
 		vi.mocked(ci).isCI = false;
 		setIsTTY(true);
-		await execa("git", ["init"]);
+		await x("git", ["init"], { throwOnError: true, nodePath: false });
 		writeFileSync("logo.png", "foobar");
 		mockGetUploadTokenRequest(
 			expect,

@@ -283,14 +283,25 @@ vi.mock("prompts", () => {
 	};
 });
 
-vi.mock("execa", async (importOriginal) => {
-	const realModule = await importOriginal<typeof import("execa")>();
+vi.mock("tinyexec", async (importOriginal) => {
+	const realModule = await importOriginal<typeof import("tinyexec")>();
+	// `x()` returns an `ExecProcess`: a thenable that also exposes the spawned
+	// process. Mimic enough of that shape that callers which reach for `.process`
+	// or `.pid` behave the same way they would for a real (already exited)
+	// command.
+	const mockResult = () =>
+		Object.assign(Promise.resolve({ stdout: "", stderr: "", exitCode: 0 }), {
+			process: undefined,
+			pid: undefined,
+			exitCode: 0,
+			killed: false,
+			aborted: false,
+			kill: () => false,
+		});
 	return {
 		...realModule,
-		execa: vi.fn((...args: Parameters<typeof realModule.execa>) => {
-			return args[0] === "mockpm"
-				? Promise.resolve()
-				: realModule.execa(...args);
+		x: vi.fn((...args: Parameters<typeof realModule.x>) => {
+			return args[0] === "mockpm" ? mockResult() : realModule.x(...args);
 		}),
 	};
 });