v5.9.2

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Release 5.9.2 has been developed according to wolfSSL's development and QA
process (see link below) and successfully passed the quality criteria.
https://www.wolfssl.com/about/wolfssl-software-development-process-quality-assurance

NOTE:

• The pre-standardization Dilithium API has been renamed to its FIPS 204 ML-DSA name; the legacy dilithium.h header and wc_dilithium_* names remain available through a temporary compatibility shim.
• The SLH-DSA Hash sign/verify APIs now require a caller-supplied pre-hashed digest rather than the raw message (see Enhancements below).
• liboqs integrations for ML-KEM, ML-DSA, and SLH-DSA (SPHINCS+) have been removed in favor of the native implementations; the deprecated liblms and libxmss integrations have also been removed.
• BREAKING (RFC 6960 4.2.2.2): OCSP responder authorization is now strictly enforced. Removes the non-compliant CheckOcspResponderChain() fallback, which authorized any OCSP responder cert issued by an ancestor of the target's issuer; RFC 6960 4.2.2.2 requires direct issuance by the CA identified in the request. Also removes the now-unused WOLFSSL_NO_OCSP_ISSUER_CHAIN_CHECK macro and the vp parameter from CheckOcspResponder().

PR stands for Pull Request, and PR references a GitHub pull request number where the code change was added.

Vulnerabilities

• [High] CVE-2026-11310
  X.509 trust-chain bypass in the OpenSSL compatibility certificate verifier (wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert()).

  This affects only builds with --enable-opensslextra (OPENSSL_EXTRA) and whose application validates certificates by calling X509_verify_cert() (OpenSSL compatibility layer function) with caller-supplied untrusted intermediate certificates; for those users it is critical, otherwise the library is unaffected. In particular, native wolfSSL TLS/DTLS usage is not impacted.

  wolfSSL’s X509_verify_cert() temporarily loads each caller-supplied untrusted intermediate into the certificate manager but failed to drop them before the trusted-store check, so an untrusted intermediate could anchor the path itself. An attacker can present a chain that never reaches a configured trust anchor and have it accepted, resulting in acceptance of an attacker-controlled certificate.

  This is certificate verification independent of TLS (e.g. S/MIME/CMS, code/firmware signing, JWT/JWS x5c), is not specific to any key type or algorithm, and a single untrusted intermediate suffices. The default wolfSSL TLS handshake (WOLFSSL_VERIFY_PEER) is not affected; only TLS applications doing manual or deferred peer verification through this API are, which also requires --enable-sessioncerts. Affected: v5.8.4, v5.9.0 and v5.9.1 (introduced by commit 025dbc3); v5.8.2 and earlier are not. Thanks to Corban Villa, Sohee Kim and Austin Chu (UC Berkeley, Sky Lab). Fixed in PR 10674.

• [High] CVE-2026-11999
  X.509 trust-chain bypass (path-depth exhaustion) in the OpenSSL compatibility certificate verifier (wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert()). This affects only builds with --enable-opensslextra whose application calls X509_verify_cert() with caller-supplied untrusted intermediates; for those users it is critical, otherwise the library is unaffected. Native wolfSSL TLS/DTLS usage is not impacted.

  X509_verify_cert() returned success based only on the last verified link rather than on reaching a trust anchor: when the supplied chain is deeper than the verifier's maximum path depth (default 100), path building runs out of depth while still walking untrusted intermediates and the chain is accepted even though it never reaches a configured trust anchor, allowing acceptance of an attacker-controlled certificate. The default TLS handshake (WOLFSSL_VERIFY_PEER) is not affected; only applications doing manual or deferred verification through this API are. Affected versions: v5.7.4 through v5.9.1, introduced in commit 17c9e92 (first released in v5.7.4); v5.7.2 and earlier are not affected. Thanks to Corban Villa, Sohee Kim and Austin Chu (UC Berkeley, Sky Lab). Fixed in PR 10674.

• [High] CVE-2026-6679
  A heap buffer overflow could occur in the DTLS 1.3 ACK serialization path before the connecting peer is authenticated. The buffer overflow was due to an integer truncation when computing the length of the ACK record-number list, causing an undersized buffer to be allocated and then overrun. This affects builds using DTLS 1.3 and wolfSSL version 5.9.0 and earlier. A fix was added to the 5.9.1 release. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10116.

• [High] CVE-2026-55958
  Out-of-bounds write in the Renesas TSIP TLS 1.3 transcript buffer. In tsip_StoreMessage() the capacity check guarding the fixed message bag (MSGBAG_SIZE) sets an error code but fails to return, so execution falls through to an XMEMCPY that writes past the end of the buffer once the accumulated TLS 1.3 handshake transcript exceeds MSGBAG_SIZE (8 KB), corrupting adjacent heap state and potentially causing a remote denial of service crash. The bag is sized to hold a normal handshake, so this is reached only by an unusually large but valid certificate chain, or by a malicious or man-in-the-middle server sending an oversized handshake message to a client that does not strictly verify the chain. This only affects builds using the Renesas TSIP TLS port (WOLFSSL_RENESAS_TSIP_TLS) as a TLS 1.3 client on Renesas MCUs with TSIP hardware enabled, and is rated High within those builds. All other configurations are unaffected. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10705.

• [High] CVE-2026-55960
  Un-negotiated Raw Public Key (RFC 7250) accepted in place of an X.509 certificate, bypassing chain validation. A raw public key has no chain, so ParseCertRelative() accepts it without performing any trust verification; it must therefore only be accepted when RPK was actually negotiated for that peer. The check now defaults the expected type to X.509 (per RFC 7250/8446) when no type was negotiated, comparing against the received server certificate type on the client and the selected client certificate type on the server, and rejects any mismatch, including an un-negotiated raw public key, with UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE. Only affects builds with Raw Public Key support (HAVE_RPK) enabled - disabled by default in a standalone build, but included in --enable-all. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10702.

• [High] CVE-2026-55961
  wolfSSL_PKCS7_verify() returning success for a degenerate (certs-only) PKCS#7 object that contains no signer. Such an object has empty signerInfos, so the underlying signed-data verification succeeds without authenticating any content. The compatibility-layer verify path now rejects the object when no signer signature has actually been verified, so a PKCS#7 carrying no valid signature is no longer reported as verified. This is enforced regardless of the PKCS7_NOVERIFY flag, which only suppresses signer certificate chain validation and was never intended to waive the requirement that a signature exist. Only affects OpenSSL compatibility builds that call the PKCS7_verify() compatibility API on potentially degenerate PKCS#7 bundles. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10702.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6731
  X.509 name constraint bypass via the Subject Common Name when treated as a DNS-type name. A certificate whose Subject CN violates an issuing CA's DNS name constraints could be accepted. Thanks to d0sf3t (Aradex) for the report. Fixed in PR 10223.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6091
  Partial-chain certificate verification may accept chains that terminate at a peer-supplied, untrusted intermediate certificate rather than a trusted anchor. An attacker could present a chain that ends at an intermediate they control and have it accepted as valid. Thanks to Dikai Zou for the report. Fixed in PR 10170.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6094
  Heap buffer overread in wc_PKCS7_DecodeEnvelopedData when parsing crafted PKCS7 EnvelopedData. This could theoretically be triggered by attacker-supplied data delivered via S/MIME or CMS. Thanks to Dikai Zou for the report. Fixed in PR 10128.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6329
  PKCS#12 MAC verification uses an attacker-controlled comparison length, weakening the integrity check on the MAC and allowing a mismatched MAC to be accepted. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10192.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6330
  The ML-KEM ARM64 NEON ciphertext comparison only compares half of the input, breaking the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform's implicit rejection and weakening IND-CCA2 security on that code path. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10192.

• [Med] CVE-2026-8720
  wc_Blake2bHmacFinal and wc_Blake2sHmacFinal discard the message when the key length exceeds the block size, producing a MAC that is independent of the input. This bug is specific to the HMAC-BLAKE2 API’s that were added in wolfSSL version 5.9.0. Fixed in PR 10447.

• [Med] CVE-2026-10097
  ML-KEM-1024 x64 AVX2 implicit rejection failure in the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform breaks IND-CCA2 security, allowing decapsulation to deviate from the implicit-rejection behavior required by the standard. Thanks to 007bsd for the report. Fixed in PR 10430.

• [Med] CVE-2026-10098
  OCSP CertID serial-number length-confusion in wolfSSL_OCSP_resp_find_status allows a same-issuer SingleResponse whose serial is a prefix of the target serial to be reported as the revocation status of a different certificate. Thanks to Kim Youngjoon (Team-Atlanta and Georgia Institute of Technology) for the report. Fixed in PR 10554.

• [Med] CVE-2026-10592
  Certificates with wildcard DNS SANs (e.g. *.example.com) bypassed CA name-constraint checks. Thanks to tonghuaroot for the report. Fixed in PR 10549.

• [Med] CVE-2026-7532
  iPAddress name constraints bypass when WOLFSSL_IP_ALT_NAME is not defined. IP address name constraints are not enforced in that configuration, allowing a certificate to bypass an issuing CA's IP address constraints. Thanks to Ankur Tyagi of Cisco Talos (TALOS-2026-2409) for the report. Fixed in PR 10354.

• [Med] CVE-2026-6291
  Bleichenbacher padding oracle in PKCS#7 KTRI decryption. When decrypting PKCS#7 EnvelopedData using RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 key transport, wolfSSL returned distinguishable error codes depending on whether RSA padding validation failed versus whether the decrypted content was malformed. An attacker able to submit crafted EnvelopedData messages and observe error responses could use this as a padding oracle to incrementally recover the encrypted Content Encryption Key (CEK). The fix generates a deterministic pseudo-random fake CEK on padding failure (via HMAC-SHA256) and proceeds with decryption identically, using constant-time operations throughout, so that all failure paths produce the same error regardless of padding validity. Found with internal wolfSSL review. Fixed in PR 10203.

• [Med] CVE-2026-7511
  PKCS7_verify signer confusion allows forged signatures, where the signer associated with a signature is not correctly bound, permitting a forged signature to be accepted. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10203.

• [Med] CVE-2026-11703
  Fixed missing SNI/ALPN binding on stateful (session-ID) resumption, which previously skipped the binding check performed for ticket-based resumption. A cached session could be resumed under a different SNI/ALPN than originally negotiated and, where client-authentication policy differs across virtual hosts, carry the cached peer-authentication state into a context it was not established for. Resumption now verifies the SNI/ALPN binding for all paths and declines (falling back to a full handshake) on mismatch. Thanks to Dikai Zou for the report. Fixed in PR 10489.

• [Med] CVE-2026-55962
  TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication (PHA) issue where a server could accept a client's Finished message without the client having sent a Certificate and CertificateVerify. The post-handshake-auth exemption that allows an empty/absent peer certificate was only intended for the initial handshake, but it was also being applied while a post-handshake CertificateRequest was still outstanding. The check is now scoped to the initial handshake only: on the server, once a post-handshake CertificateRequest has been sent (certReqCtx is set), a peer certificate and a valid CertificateVerify are required again before the Finished is accepted, with empty-certificate handling following the configured verify mode (FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT) just as during first-handshake client authentication. Only affects TLS 1.3 servers built with post-handshake authentication support (WOLFSSL_POST_HANDSHAKE_AUTH / --enable-postauth, included in --enable-all) that enable WOLFSSL_VERIFY_POST_HANDSHAKE and request a client certificate after the handshake via wolfSSL_request_certificate(). Clients, and servers that do not use post-handshake authentication, are unaffected. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10702.

• [Med] CVE-2026-55964
  Chain intermediate CA:TRUE without keyCertSign accepted as a signing CA. Intermediate CA certificates are required to have the keyCertSign key usage when a Key Usage extension is present, but chain-supplied temporary CAs (WOLFSSL_TEMP_CA) added while building a certificate path were previously exempted from this check, so an intermediate asserting CA:TRUE but lacking keyCertSign was accepted as a signing CA. The check now applies to chain-supplied temporary CAs as well; only operator-loaded root certificates (WOLFSSL_USER_CA) and self-signed roots remain exempt. Per RFC 5280 an absent Key Usage extension implies all usages, so the requirement is enforced only when the extension is actually present (extKeyUsageSet). Affects the OpenSSL-compatibility certificate-path-building path (X509_verify_cert / X509_STORE, OPENSSL_EXTRA/OPENSSL_ALL), where untrusted chain intermediates are added as temporary CAs; native (non-OpenSSL-compat) certificate verification does not create temporary CAs and is unaffected. Within those builds, the check applies unless ALLOW_INVALID_CERTSIGN is defined. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10702.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6092
  When HAVE_ENCRYPT_THEN_MAC is configured, the implementation could fall back to MAC-then-Encrypt rather than enforcing Encrypt-then-MAC. Thanks to Marcin Olejnik (Rockwell Automation) for the report. Fixed in PR 10167.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6331
  HMAC zero-length tag forgery in EVP_DigestVerifyFinal, where a zero-length tag could be accepted as valid during HMAC verification. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10192.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6681
  The PKCS#7 decode path ignores the caller-supplied output buffer size (outputSz), allowing decoded content to be written past the bounds of the provided buffer. This affects wolfSSL 5.9.0 and earlier and was fixed in the 5.9.1 release. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. Fixed in PR 10116.

• [Low] CVE-2026-10512
  The X25519 x86_64 assembly implementation fails to clear the most significant bit during the final modular reduction, so the computed result may not be fully reduced modulo the field prime 2^255 - 19. This can leave the field element in a non-canonical form, producing an incorrect result from the scalar multiplication and potentially a wrong shared secret. Thanks to Haruki Oyama for the report. Fixed in PR 10536.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6678
  Integer underflow in wc_PKCS7_DecryptOri when handling crafted Other Recipient Info, leading to incorrect length handling during decryption. Thanks to Dikai Zou for the report. Fixed in PR 10203.

• [Low] CVE-2026-7531
  Use-after-free in PQC hybrid key-share handling. This is an incomplete-fix follow-up to CVE-2026-5460 (released in 5.9.1): a malicious TLS 1.3 server sending a truncated PQC hybrid KeyShare can still trigger the error cleanup path to operate on freed memory. Thanks to Thai Duong (Calif.io / Anthropic) for the report. Fixed in PR 10327.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6325
  Out-of-bounds write in SetSuitesHashSigAlgo when processing an oversized signature algorithms list, allowing a write past the bounds of the destination buffer. Thanks to Muhammad Arya Arjuna Habibullah (Pelioro) for the report. Fixed in PR 10204.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6412
  Certificate policy and RFC 8446 compliance concerns regarding the continued acceptance of SHA-1/MD5 in certificate processing. Thanks to Xiangdong Li (Student, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications [BUPT]) for the report. Fixed in PR 10222.

• [Low] CVE-2026-6450
  A CRL critical extension bypass exists in ParseCRL_Extensions where critical extensions are not properly enforced, allowing a crafted CRL with an unhandled critical extension to be accepted. This only affects builds with CRL support enabled and where a crafted CRL had a trusted signature when parsed. Thanks to Oleh Konko (@​1seal) for the report. Fixed in PR 10239.

• [Low] CVE-2026-12340
  Out-of-bounds heap read during SM2/SM3 certificate signature verification. When parsing a certificate with an SM3wSM2 signature, the Subject Key Identifier computation reads the trailing 65 bytes of the public key without checking that the key is at least that long. A public key shorter than 65 bytes results in an out-of-bounds heap read, leading to a potential crash (denial of service); there is no out-of-bounds write. Note this only affects builds with SM2 support (--enable-sm2 or --enable-all). Thanks to David Pokora, Trail of Bits (in collaboration with Anthropic). Fixed in PR 10641.

• [Low] CVE-2026-55967
  AES-GCM encryption/decryption with extremely large cumulative single message sizes (>64 GiB) were not properly rejected by the streaming APIs, allowing counter wrap, keystream reuse, and consequent plaintext recovery. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. Fixed in PR 10709.

Enhancements

• BREAKING (FIPS 205 SLH-DSA): wc_SlhDsaKey_SignHash, wc_SlhDsaKey_SignHashDeterministic, wc_SlhDsaKey_SignHashWithRandom, and wc_SlhDsaKey_VerifyHash now take the caller-pre-hashed message digest via hash/hashSz parameters (renamed from msg/msgSz), aligned with ML-DSA's wc_dilithium_sign_ctx_hash / wc_dilithium_verify_ctx_hash semantics, and NIST ACVP signatureInterface=external / preHash=preHash test vectors. hashSz must equal wc_HashGetDigestSize(hashType) (32 bytes for SHAKE128, 64 bytes for SHAKE256 per FIPS 205 Section 10.2.2); otherwise BAD_LENGTH_E is returned. Migration: hash the message yourself before the call (callers using positional arguments are source-compatible; only the parameter names changed). Caveat: callers who today pass a raw message whose length happens to equal the digest size for the chosen hashType (e.g., signing a 32-byte handle/IV/seed with WC_HASH_TYPE_SHA256) will not trip BAD_LENGTH_E; the resulting signature is syntactically valid but is over the wrong bytes. The pre-existing wc_SlhDsaKey_SignMsgDeterministic and wc_SlhDsaKey_SignMsgWithRandom retain their M'-supplied-directly contract (FIPS 205 internal interface, Algorithm 19); their input validation is hardened with the same NULL/length/MISSING_KEY checks as the *Hash* family. wc_SlhDsaKey_VerifyMsg is unchanged. All three gain doxygen coverage. (PR 10450, PR 10465)

• Behavioral change (RSA-PSS trailerField enforcement): DecodeRsaPssParams
  (and its public wrapper wc_DecodeRsaPssParams) now enforces RFC 8017 A.2.3,
  which mandates trailerField == trailerFieldBC(1). In the default build
  (i.e., without WOLFSSL_NO_ASN_STRICT), any certificate or CMS/PKCS#7
  structure whose RSA-PSS parameters contain a trailerField value other than 1
  is now rejected with ASN_PARSE_E. Previously, any positive integer value was
  silently accepted. This affects all call paths that decode RSA-PSS algorithm
  parameters, including X.509 certificate parsing and PKCS#7 signature
  verification. Users who need to interoperate with non-conformant peers can
  define WOLFSSL_NO_ASN_STRICT to restore the previous permissive behavior. (PR 10595)

• Renamed the post-quantum signature implementation from its pre-standardization name Dilithium to its NIST-standardized name ML-DSA (FIPS 204), mirroring the earlier Kyber -> ML-KEM rename in wc_mlkem.{h,c}. The legacy <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/dilithium.h> header, dilithium_key type, wc_dilithium_* / wc_Dilithium_* functions, and HAVE_DILITHIUM / WOLFSSL_DILITHIUM_* / WC_DILITHIUM_* build gates remain available through a temporary compatibility shim, so application code keeps compiling unchanged. See doc/dilithium-to-mldsa-migration.md for the full list of renamed symbols, the new WOLFSSL_MLDSA cmake option / --enable-mldsa configure switch, and the migration steps for moving consumer code to the canonical API. (PR 10436, PR 10497, PR 10516)

• TLS 1.3: zero traffic key staging buffers in SetKeysSide() once a CryptoCB callback has imported the AES key into a Secure Element (aes->devCtx != NULL). Clears keys->{client,server}_write_key on the provisioned side(s) after cipher init succeeds. The static IV buffers (keys->{client,server}_write_IV, keys->aead_{enc,dec}_imp_IV) are intentionally left intact because BuildTls13Nonce() reads them on every AEAD record to construct the per-record nonce. Scoped to TLS 1.3, non-DTLS, non-QUIC; requires WOLF_CRYPTO_CB and WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_AES_SETKEY. (PR 10246)

• The wc_AesCmacVerify/_ex API were hardened to more closely conform to
  NIST SP 800-38B MAC length guidance, and these verify functions will now
  correctly enforce bounds on tag length checks. As a result, Cmac verification
  that previously were erroneously passing will now return MAC_CMP_FAILED_E
  or BAD_FUNC_ARG. (PR 10462)

New Features

• Added wolfCrypt SRAM PUF (Physically Unclonable Function) support, deriving device-unique keys from SRAM power-on state using a BCH fuzzy extractor and HKDF (wc_PufInit/wc_PufEnroll/wc_PufReconstruct). by @​dgarske (PR 10066)
• Added SHE (Secure Hardware Extension) support to wolfCrypt with software CMD_LOAD_KEY message generation/verification (M1-M5) and optional crypto callback hardware offload. by @​night1rider (PR 10009)
• Added WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_SETKEY and WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_EXPORT_KEY generic crypto callbacks to bridge raw key bytes to and from hardware key stores. by @​night1rider (PR 9851)
• Added key id/label constructors (wc_InitCmac_Id/_Label, wc_AesNew_Id/_Label, wc_NewRsaKey_Id/_Label) so algorithms can forward a hardware key-slot identifier. by @​night1rider (PR 10072)
• Added RFC 8773(bis) cert_with_extern_psk support for TLS 1.3, with API and handshake tests. by @​Frauschi (PR 10085)
• Added native TLS-ALPN-01 ACME challenge certificate support via the RFC 8737 id-pe-acmeIdentifier extension. by @​lealem47 (PR 10334)
• Extended WOLFSSL_SP_NONBLOCK to RSA and Diffie-Hellman for the C/Small 2048/3072/4096 backends so handshakes never block for long on a single big-integer operation. by @​dgarske (PR 10394)
• Added ML-KEM and ML-DSA support to the C# wrapper. by @​dgarske (PR 10191)
• Added an HPKE (RFC 9180) C# wrapper. by @​dgarske (PR 10171)
• Added --enable-wolfzfs support for the wolfCrypt OpenZFS patch in both kernel-space and user-space builds. by @​philljj (PR 10397)
• Added a minimal DTLS 1.3 client-only build via WOLFSSL_DTLS_ONLY and an --enable-dtls13 autoconf cascade. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10353)
• Raised the --enable-context-extra-user-data ex_data index limit to 9999 and increased external cookie/extra-user-data maximum sizes for large-scale deployments. by @​Roy-Carter (PR 10236)
• Published wolfSSL's external Security Policy and a structured Vulnerability Report Template (SECURITY-POLICY.md, SECURITY-REPORT-TEMPLATE.md). by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10284)
• Extended the OpenSSL compatibility layer for libevent integration, adding struct-tag compatibility defines, BIO_get_init, and short-form alert string helpers. by @​Roy-Carter (PR 10158, PR 10160)
• Add support for WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_ONLY_SHA512 by @​rizlik (PR 10550)
• Support RFC 9802 LMS and XMSS in X.509 certificate and CSR generation by @​Frauschi (PR 10572)

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)

• Added a SHA-512 DRBG and FIPS module-boundary wrappers for ML-KEM, ML-DSA, LMS, XMSS, and SLH-DSA as part of the upcoming post-quantum FIPS submission. by @​kaleb-himes (PR 9843)
• Replaced the liboqs-based pre-standardization SPHINCS+ with the native FIPS 205 SLH-DSA implementation throughout the certificate/ASN.1/X.509 layers. by @​Frauschi (PR 10261)
• Removed the liboqs integrations for ML-KEM and ML-DSA in favor of the native implementations. by @​Frauschi (PR 10293)
• Removed the deprecated liblms and libxmss integrations now that wolfCrypt has its own LMS/XMSS implementations. by @​Frauschi (PR 10292)
• Wired RFC 9802 HSS/LMS and XMSS/XMSS^MT stateful hash-based signatures into X.509 certificate verification. by @​Frauschi (PR 10406)
• Added crypto callbacks (MakeKey/Sign/Verify/SigsLeft) and id/label support for LMS and XMSS. by @​padelsbach (PR 10380)
• Added CryptoCb support for SLH-DSA. by @​Frauschi (PR 10466)
• Added dynamic key allocation for ML-KEM (WOLFSSL_MLKEM_DYNAMIC_KEYS) to right-size key buffers and reduce handshake memory use on constrained systems. by @​Frauschi (PR 10179, PR 10206)
• Added dynamic key allocation for ML-DSA (WOLFSSL_DILITHIUM_DYNAMIC_KEYS). by @​Frauschi (PR 10180)
• Added ML-KEM support for PKCS#11 via the PKCS#11 3.2 encapsulate/decapsulate interface. by @​Frauschi (PR 10077)
• Added ML-DSA to X509_get_pubkey and EVP_PKEY_base_id. by @​kojo1 (PR 9965)
• Added ML-DSA SPKI/PKCS#8 DER support to d2i_PUBKEY/d2i_PrivateKey, EVP_PKCS82PKEY, and X509_check_private_key. by @​cconlon (PR 10310, PR 10483)
• Added Ed25519/Ed448 support to the EVP_PKEY layer and fixed a d2i key-probe bug affecting RSA/ECC/DH. by @​lealem47 (PR 10135)
• Fixed PQC key exchange when a ClientHello offers multiple KEM key shares. by @​Frauschi (PR 10299)
• Fixed ML-DSA signing when WC_DILITHIUM_CACHE_MATRIX_A is enabled. by @​embhorn (PR 10400)
• Fixed ML-KEM AVX2 assembly (5-bit decompression and final-block ciphertext comparison). by @​SparkiDev (PR 10430)
• Various ML-KEM correctness and key-state validation improvements. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10405)
• Reduced the ML-DSA verify-only key object size and allowed SHAKE-only builds without the SHA-3 APIs. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10420)
• LMS fixes and improvements including a 32-bit signature length, hash-algorithm parameter accessors, and empty-message signing. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10448)
• Migrate internal ML-KEM consumers to canonical wc_MlKemKey API by @​Frauschi (PR 10571)
• Add PQ documentation for LMS, ML-DSA, ML-KEM, XMSS by @​kaleb-himes (PR 10514)
• Various leak / alloc and zeroization fixes for SLH-DSA by @​Frauschi (PR 10698)

TLS/DTLS

• Multiple TLS 1.3 Encrypted Client Hello (ECH) compliance fixes per RFC 9849, covering rejection handling, ECHConfig parsing, and inner ClientHello validation. by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10141)
• Added client-side ECH ech_outer_extensions encoding to shrink the HPKE-sealed inner ClientHello. by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10306)
• Added maximum_name_length padding for the ECH ClientHelloInner and a new wolfSSL_CTX_GenerateEchConfigEx() API. by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10326)
• Added opt-in ECH trial decryption (wolfSSL_CTX_SetEchEnableTrialDecrypt()) and ECH connection-status reporting. by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10469)
• Evict the session from cache after an accepted 0-RTT resumption to prevent early-data replay (RFC 8446 section 8). by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10221)
• Gate 0-RTT acceptance on a cache-backed resumption ticket and stop auto-advertising 0-RTT unless the application requests it. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10289)
• Send a missing_extension alert when the SNI extension is absent in TLS 1.3. by @​jackctj117 (PR 10332)
• Reject extensions in a TLS 1.3 Certificate message that were not offered in the prior ClientHello/CertificateRequest (RFC 8446 section 4.4.2). by @​gasbytes (PR 10338)
• Error out on unknown/unsolicited extensions in TLS 1.3 response messages while still tolerating GREASE in NewSessionTicket. by @​Frauschi (PR 10186)
• Fixed encrypt-then-mac handling on the non-resumption path. by @​embhorn (PR 10167)
• Fixed a TLS 1.3 AEAD/KeyUpdate limit that used 16-bit counters where 32-bit values were required. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10513)
• Decoupled the speculative ClientHello key share from preferredGroup[0] via WOLFSSL_KEY_SHARE_DEFAULT_GROUP to reduce HelloRetryRequests. by @​Frauschi (PR 10435)
• Fixed DTLS 1.3 unnecessary client retransmission after HelloRetryRequest and improved server robustness. by @​rizlik (PR 10349)
• Free and NULL the DTLS 1.3 cipher slot on init failure. by @​gasbytes (PR 10360)
• Added a WOLFSSL_DTLS13_5_9_0_COMPAT compatibility mode for interoperating with pre-5.9.0 DTLS 1.3 clients. by @​rizlik (PR 10492)
• Added a missing WOLFSSL_QUIC_MAX_RECORD_CAPACITY check on the QUIC early-data path. by @​gasbytes (PR 10201)
• Default WOLFSSL_MAX_SIGALGO to 128. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10528)
• Added NID_X25519 and NID_X448 support to the EVP layer. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10552)
• Enabled the all-zero shared-secret check for Curve25519/Curve448 by default and ensured post_handshake_auth was offered before accepting a post-handshake CertificateRequest. by @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10374)
• Fixed a DupSSL (write-dup) issue with Poly1305 authentication. by @​embhorn (PR 10337)
• Various X509 enhancements and fixes by @​SparkiDev (PR 10548)
• Cache AEAD record overhead on WOLFSSL by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10476)
• Add keylog support for TLS 1.3 ECH by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10259)
• Enhance OCSP responder authorization by @​rlm2002 (PR 10532)
• Allow RSA client certs on ECDHE-ECDSA mutual auth by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10553)
• Enforce only 1 protocolname in serverhello by @​anhu (PR 10443)
• Fix tls_bench DTLS mode failures by @​miyazakh (PR 10606)
• Fix cipher property NIDs for SSL_get_current_cipher and add PSK kx mapping by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10639)

ASN and Certificate Parsing

• Allow serial number 0 for self-signed root CA certificates while keeping the RFC 5280 check for others. by @​jackctj117 (PR 9567)
• Fixed peer certificate verification with IP address SAN entries. by @​embhorn (PR 10169)
• Fixed partial chain verification to only terminate at a certificate present in the original trust set. by @​embhorn (PR 10170)
• Apply DNS name constraints to the Subject CN when no SAN is present. by @​rlm2002 (PR 10223)
• Fixed IDNA wildcard matching. Thanks to Andrew Chin, SSLab at Georgia Institute of Technology. by @​embhorn (PR 10331)
• Honor the otherName GeneralName form in name-constraint checks and add WOLFSSL_X509_STORE_ALLOW_NON_CA_INTERMEDIATE for backward compatibility. by @​embhorn (PR 10339)
• Always parse and store iPAddress and registeredID GeneralNames for name-constraint enforcement. by @​embhorn (PR 10354) Thanks to Ankur Tyagi of Cisco Talos for the report.
• Hardened X.509 chain validation, session-ticket peer-cert binding, and peer-cert restore, and reject embedded NUL in dNSName/rfc822Name/URI SAN entries. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10279)
• Restrict domain-name pattern matching and case folding to valid FQDNs via a new IsValidFQDN() helper. by @​douzzer (PR 10183, PR 10419)
• Report a certificate verify failure for MD5-signed certificates during chain verification. by @​embhorn (PR 10222)
• Make SHA-1-with-RSA the last-resort signature type, as SHA-1 signatures are deprecated. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10173)
• Tightened the key length check in wc_SignatureGetSize() from >= to exact equality. by @​miyazakh (PR 10122)
• Fixed a malformed AKID extension produced by wolfSSL_X509_set_authority_key_id(). by @​cconlon (PR 10370)
• Set the PKCS#8 (RFC 5958) version correctly when a private key bundles the optional publicKey field. by @​cconlon (PR 10427)
• Bind OCSP responder authorization to the CertID issuerKeyHash. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10303)
• Fixed multi-CRL PEM bundles being truncated to the first CRL in wolfSSL_PEM_read_bio_X509_CRL. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10336)
• Reject CRLs with unrecognized critical extensions and critical entry extensions per RFC 5280. by @​gasbytes (PR 10239, PR 10274)
• Validate DSA parameters when verifying a DSA key. by @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10381). Thanks to Kr0emer for the report.
• Validate parameters in wolfSSL_EC_POINT_hex2point. Thanks to breakingbad6, Yanzhao Shen, and Yingpei Zeng (Hangzhou Dianzi University). by @​embhorn (PR 10445)
• Adjusted the CA pathlen check and added glitch hardening when a trust anchor is included in the certificate chain. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10296)
• Added ascii-digit validation in the ASN.1 time decode functions. by @​padelsbach (PR 10276)
• Allow a SubjectInfoAccess extension without an id-ad-caRepository entry. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10368)
• Tighten RFC 8017 A.2.3 compliance for RSA-PSS by @​miyazakh (PR 10595)

Hardware and Embedded Ports

• Reworked the Microchip TA-100 port for cryptoauthlib v3.6.0, with AES-GCM now working. by @​danielinux (PR 9702)
• Added wolfCrypt hardware crypto support for NXP LPC55S69. by @​twcook86 (PR 10278)
• Added STM32U3 hardware crypto support (AES, hash, TRNG). by @​dgarske (PR 10361)
• Fixed STM32 AES hardware crypto when WOLFSSL_ARMASM is set. by @​dgarske (PR 10311)
• Allow custom time functions on STM32 by not forcing NO_ASN_TIME when XTIME is defined. by @​lealem47 (PR 10295)
• Fixed NXP DCP AES multiblock CBC encrypt/decrypt and the in-place case. by @​padelsbach (PR 10307)
• Fixed Octeon/Cavium AES-GCM AAD GHASH and non-12-byte IV J0 derivation bugs. by @​ejohnstown (PR 10439) and @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10471)
• SE050 fixes plus new SE050_RSA_NO_VERIFY/SE050_ECDSA_NO_VERIFY/SE050_ECDSA_NO_ECDHE options and simulator CI. by @​rizlik (PR 10219)
• Improved MQX/Fusion RTOS compatibility for XINET_PTON (MQX RTCS support, IPv6 buffer sizing). by @​josepho0918 (PR 10075)
• Added Zephyr 4.3 default TLS-socket support. by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10268)
• Fixed wolfSSL support on the CHERI RISC-V architecture. by @​wbeasley-thegoodpenguin (PR 10272)
• Revived and hardened the IoT-Safe memory-TLS example. by @​danielinux (PR 10457)
• Fixed the NXP CAAM build when WOLFSSL_HASH_KEEP is not defined. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10459)
• Set hashType in port hash implementations so SHA-512 modes can be distinguished. by @​padelsbach (PR 10193)
• Fixed the LMS/XMSS crypto callback software fallback to propagate CRYPTOCB_UNAVAILABLE. by @​padelsbach (PR 10456)
• Fixed a PIC32 hardware-acceleration stack-pointer free bug and added PIC32MZ emulator tests. by @​LinuxJedi (PR 10495)
• Numerous hardware/embedded port hardening fixes (Xilinx/AMD, PSoC6, TROPIC01, devcrypto, RX64, STM32, KCAPI, QAT) from Fenrir review. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10467, PR 10470, PR 10508) and @​dgarske (PR 10496)
• Implements the SHA accelerator for MAX32666 as bare-metal by @​mattia-moffa (PR 10431)

Rust Wrapper

• Added rand_core, aead, and cipher crate trait implementations. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10070)
• Added digest and signature crate trait implementations. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10248)
• Added password-hash, kem, and mac crate trait implementations. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10305)
• Added zeroize-on-drop and fixed Fenrir findings across the crate. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10205)
• Ensured memory safety for the C RNG struct and added functionality found during boringtun integration. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10402)
• Added buffer-size checks to the ChaCha20-Poly1305 one-shot wrappers. by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10267)
• Add scrypt KDF and RSA-OAEP support by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10556)

Build System and Portability

• Removed unused m4 macros and updated AX_PTHREAD to the latest autoconf-archive macro. by @​BrianAker (PR 10106)
• Guard <stddef.h> behind NO_STDDEF_H and userspace fcntl/filesystem code behind WOLFSSL_KERNEL_MODE. by @​philljj (PR 10280, PR 10521)
• Support building --enable-opensslextra with NO_BIO and NO_FILESYSTEM. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10393)
• Allow --enable-writedup when DTLS is disabled. by @​mattia-moffa (PR 10527)
• Set WOLFSSL_USE_ALIGN automatically for ARM user_settings.h builds. by @​embhorn (PR 10487)
• Added WC_LINUXKM_USE_HEAP_WRAPPERS heap wrappers and AES-CCM LKCAPI shims for the Linux kernel module. by @​douzzer (PR 10512, PR 10194)
• linuxkm enhancements for wolfGuard support by @​douzzer (PR 10590)
• Added a software CryptoCb test device and WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_ONLY_* test infrastructure (SHA-256, SHA-224, AES). by @​rizlik (PR 10351, PR 10500)
• Added configure and CMake options for WOLF_CRYPTO_CB_RSA_PAD. by @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10428)
• Fixed mem_track.h compilation on multi-threaded non-Linux builds. by @​LinuxJedi (PR 10453)
• Fixed CUDA builds with WOLFSSL_AES_SMALL_TABLES. by @​embhorn (PR 10366)
• Skip testsuite.test for --enable-leantls builds. by @​miyazakh (PR 10510)
• RPM packaging fixes for examples/cmake artifacts and RHEL10 LTO builds. by @​space88man (PR 10270, PR 10356) and @​twcook86 (PR 10275)
• Fixed the SGX build to not require fcntl.h. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10524)
• Various linuxkm Fenrir fixes by @​douzzer (PR 10688)
• Various bsdkm fixes and cleanup by @​philljj (PR 10565)

Bug Fixes

• AES-CCM encryption/decryption with 13 or 12 byte nonces and large messages (>1 MiB and >256 MiB respectively) were not properly rejected at argument validation time, allowing counter wrap, keystream reuse, and consequent plaintext recovery. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. (PR 10709)
• Out-of-bounds write in wolfSSL_get_finished() and wolfSSL_get_peer_finished(). The functions validated the caller buffer against TLS_FINISHED_SZ (12 bytes) but copied the full Finished message, which for TLS 1.3 is the handshake hash size (32 or 48 bytes), overrunning a correctly sized 12-byte buffer. The output length is now validated before the copy. Thanks to Qiushi Wu from IBM Research for the report. (PR 10576)
• Fix for rejecting the import of a public key that is the identity element with Ed448. Use of a public key that is the identity element allows for crafting a forged signature that verifies with that specific public key. wolfSSL does not generate an Ed448 key pair that is the identity element. This defense-in-depth hardening for Ed448 and has been available since release 5.9.1. Thanks to Nicholas Carlini from Anthropic for the report. (PR 10116)
• Fix for !aNULL after an explicit ADH suite leaving the anon suite available. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. (PR 10714)
• P-521 ECDH SP-math validates 65 bytes but writes 66 leading to a 1-byte heap overflow. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. (PR 10702)
• Fix for FreeBSD kernel module to have additional sanity checks on IV size when copying. This avoids a stack overflow in --enable-freebsdkm-crypto-register builds used for preliminary testing. Thanks to NVIDIA Project Vanessa for the report. (PR 10695)
• Added an upper limit to the PBKDF iteration count and changed iterations <= 0 to fail closed instead of silently clamping to 1. by @​anhu (PR 10050) and @​miyazakh (PR 10504)
• Added MP integer size bounds checks in SizeASN_Items. by @​anhu (PR 10051)
• Ensure certificates are correctly added to the cert manager. by @​anhu (PR 10073)
• Use O_CLOEXEC at file creation to harden against multithread races. by @​embhorn (PR 10162)
• BIO improvements and fixes, including an out-of-bounds read and an inverted ctrl_pending check. by @​rizlik (PR 10164)
• Guard against negative lengths in BIO, I/O callbacks, and PKCS12 PBKDF. by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10208)
• Fixed a dangling secure_renegotiation pointer after TLSX_FreeAll. by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10210)
• Added missing NULL checks across public API entry points. by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10216)
• Fixed NULL dereferences, a DSA SignFinal overflow, and the i2d contract across EVP/OCSP/X509. by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10217)
• Enforce the minimum auth tag size in wc_AesGcmDecryptFinal. by @​yosuke-wolfssl (PR 10175)
• AES-EAX and AES-SIV lifecycle and NULL-check fixes. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10174)
• Added a C implementation for ARM AES-GCM small-table builds without NEON. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10176)
• SP integer fixes for negative numbers, zero-used edge cases, bounds, and truncation, plus added testing. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10235, PR 10529) and @​embhorn (PR 10478) Thanks to Kr0emer for reporting these issues and testing the fixes.
• Fixed the Curve25519 private-key clamp check to enforce RFC 7748 rule 3. by @​MarkAtwood (PR 10363)
• Fixed the Blake2 oversized-key path. by @​mattia-moffa (PR 10447)
• Fixed a SAKKE heap buffer overflow and a correctness gap in sakke_hash_to_range, plus a wc_export_int size check. by @​JeremiahM37 (PR 10442) and @​philljj (PR 10444)
• Added checks to PKCS7_VerifySignedData to prevent out-of-bounds access. Thanks to Feng Ning / Innora. by @​padelsbach (PR 10441)
• Various PKCS#7 fixes. by @​Frauschi (PR 10203) and @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10128)
• Various PKCS#12 fixes including strict-aliasing, zeroization, and overflow checks. by @​rlm2002 (PR 10378)
• Fixed an ECC temporary-key leak and undefined behavior, and an ECC validation regression. by @​Frauschi (PR 10346, PR 10260)
• Fixed a double free in wolfSSL_X509_set_ext. by @​padelsbach (PR 10481)
• Reset the SHA-3 hashType between ML-KEM cryptocb calls. by @​night1rider (PR 10211)
• Plumb the caller heap into CMAC before the cryptocb fires. by @​night1rider (PR 10401)
• Fixed inverted AllocDer checks in the alt private key id/label paths. by @​night1rider (PR 10168)
• TLS extension bounds-checking fixes. Thanks to Suryansh Mansharamani (Plainshift AI). by @​embhorn (PR 10220)
• Hardened TLSX_KeyShare_ProcessPqcHybridClient against double free and wrong-key NULLing. by @​embhorn (PR 10327) and @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10493)
• Various missing bounds and length checks. by @​kareem-wolfssl (PR 10142, PR 10277)
• Fixed the NO_VERIFY_OID build in GetOID. Thanks to @​cpsource. by @​JeremiahM37 (PR 10440)
• Ensure large buffers are heap-allocated under WOLFSSL_SMALL_STACK. by @​Frauschi (PR 10245)
• Fixed private key lock issues. by @​kaleb-himes (PR 10446)
• Improved HPKE return codes to use defined error values. by @​sebastian-carpenter (PR 10455)
• MD4 and MD2 public APIs now return int instead of void, alongside static-analysis fixes for SECO, devcrypto, and ARIA. by @​JacobBarthelmeh (PR 10460)
• Extensive wolfCrypt input-validation, key-zeroization, and side-channel hardening across RSA, ECC, EdDSA, Curve25519/448, DH, SRP, PKCS#7, KDF, LMS, and PQ key handling. by @​JeremiahM37 (PR 10136, PR 10231, PR 10238, PR 10264, PR 10304, PR 10340, PR 10386, PR 10392, PR 10413, PR 10426, PR 10468), @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10230, PR 10247, PR 10398), and @​aidangarske (PR 10155)
• Fixed a word32 size overflow in wc_DeCompressDynamic that could under-allocate a buffer and cause a heap overflow on --with-libz + PKCS7-compressed builds. by @​JeremiahM37 (PR #​10413).
• Resolved numerous Coverity static-analysis findings. by @​rlm2002 (PR 10129, PR 10165, PR 10376, PR 10418, PR 10482)
• Enforce MAX_ENTROPY_BITS upper bound in wc_Entropy_Get() by @​miyazakh (PR 10593)
• Various EVP API bug fixes by @​MarkAtwood (PR 10364, PR 9987)
• Various ppc and armv8 asm and linuxkm fixes by @​douzzer (PR 10600)
• Fixes for Zephyr secure sockets integration by @​Frauschi (PR 10583)
• Add signed-length validation to d2i, PEM, and buffer-load APIs to harden against potential out of bounds case by @​ColtonWilley (PR 10207)
• Reject duplicate certificatePolicies certificate extensions (RFC 5280), previously accepted as last-wins by @​Frauschi (PR 10714)
• Strengthen subgroup check in wc_DhAgree by @​philljj (PR 10560). Thanks to Muhammad Arya Arjuna Habibullah (Pelioro) for the report.
• Fix missing private key zeroization in ML-KEM by @​anhu (PR 10665). Thanks to Uday Devaraj, SYNE Lab, Syracuse University.
• Force-zero wc_AesSivDecrypt output buffer on authentication failure by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10668)
• Ed448: check for public key presence on export by @​holtrop-wolfssl (PR 10656)
• Hardening fixes in wolfSSL_strnstr and mp_get_digit. Thanks to Dominik Blain / COBALT Security for the bug report. by @​padelsbach (PR 10138)

Documentation and Maintenance

• Added documentation for the new OCSP responder and certificate accessor APIs. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10147)
• Improved API documentation argument descriptions for the sigalgs/groups/cipher-list/options setters. by @​kojo1 (PR 10382)
• Added doxygen coverage for the SHE API. by @​night1rider (PR 10243)
• Added the BN_bn2binpad API. by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10148)
• Added TLS 1.3 decryption fuzz tests, Monte Carlo / unaligned / in-place cipher tests, and expanded negative test coverage for handshake, AEAD, PKCS7, PSS, DSA, DRBG, and PQ paths. by @​SparkiDev (PR 10461, PR 10213, PR 10226) and @​JeremiahM37 (PR 10166, PR 10291)
• Various improvements to CI efficiency and parallelism by @​julek-wolfssl (PR 10667, PR 10685, PR 10701, PR 10731)